Agilent生物芯片原理--陈巍学基因（29）
欢迎来到【陈巍学基因】，我们这个节目，主要是为大家介绍基因组学，和最新的临床分子诊断的技术进展。
今天，会和大家谈一下Agilent公司（安捷伦公司）的生物芯片，视频主要分为以下几个部分：
1.Agilent生物芯片的扫描仪、合成工艺、大体规格和分析软件等。
2.Agilent芯片的应用主要在“比较基因组杂交”领域；
CGH芯片主要是检测：杂合性缺失（LOH）、单亲二染色体（UPD）、和拷贝数变异（CNV）；
CGH芯片区分SNP位点的方法，是通过“酶切+杂交”。
3.Agilent表达谱芯片的IVT检测原理和三个特点。
吃转基因动物是安全的吗？
最近，美国食品及药物管理局批准了转基因鲑鱼的销售和消费。这将永远改变食品工业吗？维生素B12是唯一没有发现在非动物产品中的维生素，我们为什么不修改人类基因可以自己产生维生素B12呢？出生长大后可以不必吃动物产品，也可以有B12，这多酷啊，虽然我不是素食主义者，哈~
从外周血中提取Drabek基因组DNA
Drabek genomic DNA extractions from peripheral blood. Employing a novel DNA extraction procedure adapted from Drabek [Biomed. Papers 146(2), 37–39 (2002)] and Nasiri [Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis 19:229–232 (2005)]for human peripheral blood samples.
CellSearch检测CTC--陈巍学基因（30）
欢迎来到【陈巍学基因】,我们这个节目，主要是为大家介绍基因组学，和临床分子诊断的最新技术进展。
今天，会和大家谈一下Jassen公司（强生公司）出品的CellSearch系统。它的主要应用是：检测循环肿瘤细胞，并对癌症给出预后信息。以下是课程内容概括：
1.什么是循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)及其“液体活检”的难点。
2. CellSearch系统的检测原理：（1）用微磁珠对CTC细胞进行富集；（2）用针对DNA的荧光染色剂“DAPI”进行染色，以排除红细胞；（3）区分白细胞和CTC细胞。
3.CellSearch系统实际操作的演示。
4.CTC检测，在癌症诊疗方面所起到的作用。
综上所述：CellSearch系统，是第一个标准化的、半自动化的，循环肿瘤细胞检测系统。它通过快速、精确地确定血液样本中的CTC细胞数量。可以帮助医生在整个治疗过程当中，提供准确的预后评估手段。
为什么基因治疗能成为消灭HIV的合理工具 - David Baltimore P2
本视频由科普中国和生物医学大讲堂出品
David Baltimore (Caltech) Part 2: Why Gene Therapy Might be a Reasonable Tool for Attacking HIV
Lecture Overview:
In this set of lectures, I describe the threat facing the world from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and a bold proposal on how we might meet the challenge of eliminating this disease by engineering the immune system.
In part 1, I provide a broad introduction to viruses, describing their basic properties and my own history of studying the replication of RNA viruses which led to the discovery of reverse transcriptase. I also illustrate the distinguishing features of equilibrium viruses (e.g. the common cold) that have adapted to co-exist with their host and non-equilibrium viruses (e.g. HIV) that have recently jumped from another species, are not adapted to the new host, and which can lead to disastrous outcomes (e.g. loss of immune function with potential lethality in the case of HIV).
In part 2, I describe the growing health problem that is facing the world with the spread of HIV and the limitations of current drug therapies and vaccine strategies. We need new ideas for tackling this problem. Here and in the next segment, I describe bold strategies of using gene therapy to conquer HIV, The approach that I describe in this segment involves gene therapy to produce short hairpin RNAs (siRNA) that target the destruction of a critical co-receptor of HIV, which the viruses that needs to infect cells. I discuss initial proof-of-principle experiments that suggest this approach might be feasible and the next steps needed to develop this idea into a real therapy.
In this last segment, I describe another gene therapy strategy for HIV in which we propose to develop antibody-like proteins that can be expressed by a patient's B cells and will target the HIV virus for destruction. To achieve this objective, hematopoietic (blood) stem cells must to be targeted with the gene, which will ultimately develop into B cells that express the therapeutic molecule. The ultimate goal is to produce a life-long supply of anti-HIV neutralizing antibodies. In this lecture, I describe the molecular methods underlying this strategy and a development path from proof-of-principle studies in mouse to safe trials in humans. This project receives funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
Speaker Bio:
After serving as President of the California Institute of Technology for nine years, in 2006 David Baltimore was appointed President Emeritus and the Robert Andrews Millikan Professor of Biology. Born in New York City, he received his B.A. in Chemistry from Swarthmore College in 1960 and a Ph.D. in 1964 from Rockefeller University, where he returned to serve as President from 1990-91 and faculty member until 1994.
For almost 30 years, Baltimore was a faculty member at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. While his early work was on poliovirus, in 1970 he identified the enzyme reverse transcriptase in tumor virus particles, thus providing strong evidence for a process of RNA to DNA conversion, the existence of which had been hypothesized some years earlier. Baltimore and Howard Temin (with Renato Dulbecco, for related research) shared the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery, which provided the key to understanding the life-cycle of HIV. In the following years, he has contributed widely to the understanding of cancer, AIDS and the molecular basis of the immune response. His present research focuses on control of inflammatory and immune responses as well as on the use of gene therapy methods to treat HIV and cancer in a program called "Engineering Immunity".
Baltimore played an important role in creating a consensus on national science policy regarding recombinant DNA research. He served as founding director of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research at MIT from 1982 until 1990. He co-chaired the 1986 National Academy of Sciences committee on a National Strategy for AIDS and was appointed in 1996 to head the National Institutes of Health AIDS Vaccine Research Committee.
In addition to receiving the Nobel Prize, Baltimore's numerous honors include the 1999 National Medal of Science, election to the National Academy of Sciences in 1974, the Royal Society of London, and the French Academy of Sciences. For 2007/8, he is President of the AAAS. He has published more than 600 peer-reviewed articles.