2008-3-17 12:35:32

Journal of Adolescence：战争中青少年的自尊心理研究

通过分析2004年巴格达市区的1000名少年的调查问卷，辛辛那提大学的研究人员发现，伊拉克青少年对战争的危险感越强，自尊心表现得越强。相关报道发表在2008年2月的爱思唯尔期刊《青春期杂志》（Journal of Adolescence）上。

辛辛那提大学副教授、文章合作作者Steve Carlton-Ford说，我们的研究从独特的视角探究战争对青少年的影响，对于年幼儿童来说，尤其是冲突事件会降低他们的心理健康水平。问卷调查是在2004年由文章合作作者、美国西点军校的Morton Ender组织完成的，Ender在美国陆军的配合下在巴格达周边地区开展了这项问卷调查，当时这些地区还不断有战事发生。

研究人员发现，尽管在2004年青少年的安全感受到了明显的威胁，但他们的自尊心保持了良好的水平，与巴勒斯坦青少年的自尊水平相当。面临战争中的伤亡时，青少年常常感到悲痛，有时还会发生自尊心下降。我们的研究结果与以往的一系列的理论和研究结果是一致的，即：个人在感受到自身社会认同中的核心部分受到威胁时（而不是面对战争伤亡的时候）会表现出更强的自尊心。换句话说，如果我们看到身边充满了涉及外国武装力量的暴力事件时，我们也会产生强烈的自我意识，至少是会感到自己与这个国家存在某种联系。

该研究文章建议进行更多武装冲突环境下的青少年心理调查，并跟踪调查他们走向成年过程中自我意识的演化。（科学网荔涛/编译）

生物谷推荐原始出处：

（Journal of Adolescence），doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.04.006, Steve Carlton-Ford, Ahoo Tabatabai

Iraqi adolescents: Self-regard, self-derogation, and perceived threat in war

Steve Carlton-Ford^a^,^,, Morten G. Ender^b and Ahoo Tabatabai^a
^aDepartment of Sociology, Box 210378, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0378, USA
^bDepartment of Behavioral Sciences and Leadership, United States Military Academy, West Point, New York, NY 10996, USA

Available online 1 August 2007.

Abstract

A year into the 2003 US–Iraq war, how were adolescents in Baghdad faring? Conflict-related events typically lower psychological well-being; in contrast, investment in and protection of threatened identities should lead to self-esteem striving and, presumably, better well-being. How threatened do Iraqi adolescents feel? Is their self-esteem related to their sense of threat? Do age, religion, ethnicity, and gender alter the link between perceived threat and self-esteem?

We use data from 1000 randomly selected adolescents living in Baghdad during July 2004. Iraqi adolescents reported high levels of threat; those feeling more threatened reported higher levels of self-esteem. Social background correlates with both self-esteem and perceived threat, but controlling for social background does not eliminate the relationship between self-esteem and perceived threat. We interpret our results in light of theory and research concerning social identity, mortality threats, and war trauma.