邵志峰博士简介

-mail Address:	zs9q@virginia.edu
Office Phone: Lab Phone: Fax:	434-982-0829 434-924-1231 434-982-1616
Address:	Molecular Physiology  and Biological Physics  University of Virginia  Jordan Hall--Box 800736  Charlottesville, Virginia 22908

Invited Reviews:

Czajkowsky, D. and Shao, Z. Localizing Ion Channels in Biological Membranes with Scanning Probe Microscopy: a perspective. IN: Ion Channel Localization: Methods and Protocols. Ed. A. Lopatin and C. Nichols. (METHODS IN PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY series) Humana Press. (2001). pp. 261-281.

Iwamoto, H., Czajkowsky, D.M. and Shao, Z. AFM in Biology: from subcellular to submolecular. Journal of Electron Microscopy 49, 395-406 (2000).

Shao, Z. Probing Nanometer Structures with Atomic Force Microscopy. News in Physiological Sciences 14, 142-149 (1999).

Tamm, L.K. and Shao, Z.  The Applications of AFM to Biomembranes.  IN: Biomembrane Structures. Ed. P. Harris and D. Chapman. IOS Press, 1998, pp169-187.

Czajkowsky, D. and Shao, Z. Submolecular Resolution of Single Macromolecules with Atomic Force Microscopy. FEBS Letters 430, 51-54 (1998).

Sheng, S. and Shao, Z. Biological Cryo Atomic Force Microscopy: instrumentation and applications. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 37, 3828-3833 (1998).

Zhang, Y. Mou, J. and Shao, Z.  Atomic Force Microscopy in Structural Biology. Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society 15, 314-328 (1996).

Shao, Z. and Zhang, Y.  Biological Cryo Atomic Force Microscopy: A Brief Review.   Ultramicroscopy 66, 141-152 (1996).

Shao, Z., Mou, J., Czajkowsky, D.M., Yang, J. and Yuan, J.Y.  Biological Atomic Force Microscopy: What Is Achieved & What Is Needed.  Advances in Physics 45, 1-86 (1996).

Yang, J. and Shao, Z.  Recent Advances of Biological Atomic Force Microscopy.  Micron 26, 35-49 (1995).

Shao, Z. and Yang, J.  Progress In High Resolution Atomic Force Microscopy in Biology.  Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics 28, 195-251 (1995).

Shao, Z., Yang, J. and Somlyo, A.P.  Biological Atomic Force Microscopy: From Microns to Nanometers and Beyond.  Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 11, 241-265 (1995).

Yang, J., Tamm, L.K. and Shao, Z.  Resolution and Limitations in Biological Applications of Atomic Force Microscopy.  IN: Atomic Force Microscopy/Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. Ed. S.H. Cohen et al. Plenum Press, New York, 1994. pp. 43-51.

Yang, J., Tamm, L.K., Somlyo, A.P. and Shao, Z.  Promises and Problems of Biological Atomic Force Microscopy. Journal of Microscopy 171, 183-198 (1993).

Shao, Z., Gao, C. and Yuan, J.Y.  Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Using Ionic Conduction for Imaging Non-Conductive Specimens. Modern Physics Letters B6 (No. 1), 9-13 (1992).

Luckie, D.B., Boyd, K.L., Mizushima, A., Shao, Z., Somlyo, A.P. and Takeyasu, K.  Expression of Functional Na- and Ca- Pump Chimeric Molecules.  IN: The Sodium Pump: Recent Developments. Ed. J. Kaplan and P. DeWeer, Rockfeller U. Press, 1991. pp.237-242.

Wang, Y.L. and Shao, Z.  Design Principles of an Optimized Focused Ion Beam System. IN: Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics 81, 177-209 (1991). P.W. Hawkes, (ed), Academic Press , Boston.

Journal Articles:

Czajkowsky, D.M., Hotze, E.M., Shao, Z. and Tweten, R.K. Vertical Collapse Of A Cytolysin Prepore Moves Its Transmembrane b-Hairpins To The Membrane. EMBO Journal (2004). In press.

Sheng, S., Gao, Y., Somlyo, A.V., Somlyo, A.P. and Shao, Z. Cryo Atomic Force Microscopy Of Unphosphorylated And Thiophosphorylated Single Smooth Muscle Myosin Molecules. Journal of Biological Chemistry 278: 39892-39896 (2003).

Sheffield, P., Oliver, C., Kremer, B., Sheng, S., Shao, Z. and Macara, I. G. Borg/Septin Interactions and the Assembly of Septin Heterodimers, Trimers and Filaments. Journal of Biological Chemistry 278: 3483-3488 (2003).

McCain, M.S., Iwamoto, H., Cao, P., Vinion-Dubiel, A., Li, Y., Szabo, G., Shao, Z. and Cover, T.L. Essential Role of a GXXXG Motif for Membrane Channel Formation by Helicobacter pylori Vacuolating Toxin. Journal of Biological Chemistry 278: 12101-12108 (2003).

Czajkowsky, D.M. and Shao, Z. Inhibition of Protein Adsorption to Muscovite Mica by Monovalent Cations. Journal of Microscopy, 211, 1-7 (2003).

Mannelquist, A., Iwamoto, H., Szabo, S. and Shao, Z. Near Field Optical Microscopy In Aqueous Solution: Implementation And Characterization Of A Vibrating Probe. Journal of Microscopy 205, 53-60 (2002).

Hotze, E.M., Heuck, A.P., Czajkowsky, D., Shao, Z. Johnson, A.E. and Tweten, R.K. Monomer-Monomer Interactions Drive the Prepore to Pore Conversion of a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin. Journal of Biological Chemistry 277, 11597-11605 (2002).

Sheng, S. and Shao, Z. Cryo Atomic Force Microscopy. IN: Atomic Force Microscopy in Cell Biology, METHODS IN CELL BIOLOGY 68, (2002). Ed. B. Jena and H. Hörber, Academic Press. pp. 243-256.

Czajkowsky, D.M. and Shao, Z. Supported Lipid Bilayers As Effective Substrates For Atomic Force Microscopy. IN: Atomic Force Microscopy in Cell Biology, METHODS IN CELL BIOLOGY 68, (2002). Ed. B. Jena and H. Hörber, Academic Press. pp 231-242.

Pastré, D. Iwamoto, H., Liu, J. and Shao, Z. Characterization of AC Mode Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy. Ultramicroscopy 90, 13-19 (2001).

Ho, R., Jia, Z., Somlyo, A.P. and Shao, Z. Improved Precision Of Quantitating Calcium In Biological Electron Probe Analysis. Journal of Microscopy 204, 61-68 (2001).

Mat-Arip, M., Sheng, S., Shao, Z. and Guo, P. Interaction of Phi29 pRNA Dimer Probed
by Chemical Modification Interference, Cryo-AFM and Crosslinking. Journal of Biological Chemistry  276 (35): 32575-32584 (2001).

Mannelquist, A., Iwamoto, H., Szabo, G. and Shao, Z. Near Field Optical Microscopy with a Vibrating Probe in Aqueous Solution. Applied Physics Letters 78, 2076-2078 (2001).

Shi, D., Somlyo, A.V., Somlyo, A.P. and Shao, Z. Visualizing Filamentous Actin On Lipid Bilayers By AFM In Solution. Journal of Microscopy 201, 377-382 (2001).

McClain, M.S., Cao, P., Iwamoto, H., Szabo, G., Shao, Z. and Cover, T.L. A 12- Amino Acid Segment Present in Type s2 but not in Type s1 Helicobacter pylori Vac A Toxins Diminishes the Capacity of VacA to Form Membrane Channels and Induce Cytotoxic Effect. Journal of Bacteriology 183: 6499-6508 (2001)

Trottier, M., Chen, C., Sheng, S., Shao, Z. and Guo, P. Probing Structures of Monomer and Dimer of Bacterial Virus Phi29 Hexamer RNA Complex by Chemical Modifications. RNA 6, 1257-1266 (2000).

Liang, S., Medich, D., Czajkowsky, D.M., Sheng, S., Yuan, J.-Y. and Shao, Z. Thermal Noise Reduction of Mechanical Oscillators by Actively Controlled External Dissipative Forces. Ultramicroscopy 84, 119-125 (2000).

Chen, P., Sheng, S., Shao, Z. and Guo, P. Dimer as Building Block to Assemble pRNA Hexamer that Gears Bacteriophage f29 Genomic DNA Translocating Machinery. Journal of Biological Chemistry 275, 17510-17516 (2000).

Shao, Z., Shi, D. and Somlyo, A.V. Cryo Atomic Force Microscopy of Filamentous Actin. Biophysical Journal 78, 950-958 (2000).

Ho, R., Feng, J.L., Somlyo, A.P. and Shao, Z. Optimizing the Window Size for Multiple Least Squares Fitting of Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy.  Journal of Microscopy 197, 46-51 (2000).

Zelphati, O., Liang, X., Nguyen, C., Barlow, S., Sheng, S., Shao, Z. and Felgner P. PNA Depedent Gene Chemistry: stable coupling of peptides and oligonucleotides to plasmid DNA. BioTechniques 28, 304-316 (2000).

Vinion, A., McClain, M., Iwamoto, H., Czajkowsky, D., Ye, D., Cao, P., Schraw, W., Szabo, G., Blanke, S., Shao, Z. and Cover, T. A Dominant Mutant of a Helicobacter pylori Vacuolating Toxin (VacA) Inhibits VacA Induced Cell Vacuolation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 274, 37736-37742 (1999).

van Huizen, R., Czajkowsky, D.M., Shi, D., Shao, Z. and Li, M. Images of Oligomeric Kvb2, a Modulatory Subunit of Potassium Channels. FEBS Letters 457, 107-111 (1999).

Iwamoto, H., Czajkowsky, D., Cover, T., Szabo, G. and Shao, Z. VacA From Helicobacter pylori: a hexameric chloride channel. FEBS Letters 450, 101-104 (1999).

Shao, Z. and Sheng, S. Resolving Spatial Conformations of Immuno-Proteins with Cryo-Atomic Force Microscopy. Microscopy & Microanalysis 5, 1008-1009 (1999).

Sheng, S., Czajkowsky, D. and Shao, Z. AFM Tips: How Sharp Are They? Journal of Microscopy 195, 1-5 (1999).

Czajkowsky, D., Iwamoto, H., Cover, T and Shao, Z. The Vacuolating Toxin From Helicobacter pylori Forms Hexameric Pores in Lipid Bilayers at Low pH. Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences USA 96, 2001-2006 (1999).

Ho, R., Feng, J., Shao, Z. and Somlyo, A. Ca Quantitation with a Parallel EELS/Cooled CCD/200 keV System. Microscopy & Microanalysis 5, 17-28 (1999).

Feng, J., Ho, R., Shao, Z. and Somlyo, A. Parallel Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy Free from Gain Variation. Ultramicroscopy 76, 221-231 (1999).

Czajkowsky, D., Allen, M., Elings, V. and Shao, Z.  Direct Visualization of Surface Charge in Aqueous Solution. Ultramicroscopy 74, 1-5 (1998).

Czajkowsky, D., Sheng, S. and Shao, Z.  Staphylacoccal a-Hemolysin Can Form Hexamers in Phospholipid Bilayers. Journal of Molecular Biology 276, 325-330 (1998).

Ho, R., Yuan, J.-Y. and Shao, Z.  Hydration Force in the Atomic Force Microscope: a computational study.  Biophysical Journal 75, 1076-1083 (1998).

Zhang, Y., Shao, Z., Somlyo, A.P. and Somlyo, A.V.  Cryo Atomic Force Microscopy of Smooth Muscle Myosin.  Biophysical Journal 72, 1308-1318 (1997).

Tamm, L.K., Bohm, C. Yang, J., Shao, Z., Hwang, J., Edidin, M. and Betzig, E.  Nanoscale Complexity of Supported Monolayers and Bilayers by Near Field Scanning Optical and Atomic Force Microscopy.  Thin Solid Films 284/5, 813-816 (1996).

Mou, J., Czajkowsky, D. and Shao, Z.  Gramicidin A Aggregation in Supported Gel State Phosphatidylcholine Bilayers.  Biochemistry 35, 3222-3226 (1996).

Yang, J., Mou, J., Yuan, J.-Y. and Shao, Z.  The Effect of Deformation on the Lateral Resolution of Atomic Force Microscopy.  Journal of Microscopy 182, 106-113 (1996).

Mou, J., Czajkowsky, D.M., Sheng, S., Ho, R. and Shao, Z.  High Resolution Surface Structure of E. coli GroES Oligomer by Atomic Force Microscopy.  FEBS Letters 381, 161-164 (1996).

Zhang, Y., Sheng, S. and Shao, Z.  Imaging Biological Structures with the Cryo Atomic Force Microscope.  Biophysical Journal  71, 2168-2176 (1996).

Mou, J., Huang, G. and Shao, Z.  A Piezo Tube Scanner For AFM In Solution.  Review of Scientific Instruments 67, 2654-2655 (1996).

Ho, R., Shao, Z. and Somlyo, A.P.  Effect of Thickness Measurements on EELS Quantitation.  Journal of Microscopy Society of America 2, 87-97(1996).

Mou, J., Sheng, S., Ho, R. and Shao, Z.  Chaperonins GroEL and GroES: views from atomic force microscopy.  Biophysical Journal 71, 2213-2221 (1996).

Mou, J., Yang, J. and Shao, Z.  Atomic Force Microscopy of Cholera Toxin B Oligomer Bound to Bilayers of Biologically Relevant Lipids. Journal of Molecular Biology 248, 507-512 (1995).

Han, W., Mou, J., Sheng, J., Yang, J. and Shao, Z.  Cryo Atomic Force Microscopy: A New Approach for Biological Imaging at High Resolution. Biochemistry 34, 8215-8220 (1995).

Mou, J., Huang, G. and Shao, Z.  A Semi-automatic Atomic Force Microscope For Imaging in Solution.  Review of Scientific Instruments 66, 5527-5531 (1995).

Czajkowsky, D., Huang, C. and Shao, Z.  Ripple Phase In Asymmetric Unilamellar Bilayers with Saturated and Unsaturated Phospholipids. Biochemistry 34, 12501-12505 (1995).

Shao, Z. and Somlyo, A.P.  Stereo Representation of Atomic Force Micrographs: Optimizing the View.  Journal of Microscopy 180, 186-188 (1995).

Mou, J., Czajkowsky, D.M., Zhang, Y. and Shao, Z.  High Resolution Atomic Force Microscopy of DNA: the pitch of the double helix.  FEBS Letters 371, 279-282 (1995).

Wang, Y.Y., Ho, R., Shao, Z. and Somlyo, A.P.  Optimum Specimen Thickness for Trace Element Analysis by Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy.  Microbeam Analysis 3, 87-96 (1994).

Yang, J., Mou, J.-x. and Shao Z.  Molecular Resolution Atomic Force Microscopy of Soluble Proteins in Solution.  Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1199, 105-114 (1994).

Tang, Z., Xu, Z., Ho, R., Somlyo, A.P. and Shao, Z.  A Cooled CCD Camera for Parallel Detection Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy.  Journal of Microscopy 175, 100-107 (1994).

Shao, Z., Yang, J., Mou, J. and Czajkowsky, D. Atomic Force Microscopy of Phospholipid Membranes: from ripples to domains to interdigitation. Proceedings of Microscopy Society of America 52, 1050-1051 (1994).

Yang, J., Mou, J.-x., and Shao, Z.  Structure and Stability of Pertussis Toxin Studied by in situ Atomic Force Microscopy.  FEBS Letters 338, 89-92 (1994).

Mou, J., Yang, J. and Shao, Z.  Tris Induces Ripple Phase in Unilamellar Phospholipid Bilayers.  Biochemistry 33, 4439-4443 (1994).

Mou, J., Yang, J., Huang, C.-h. and Shao, Z.  Alcohol Induces Interdigitated Domains in Unilamellar Phospholipid Bilayers.  Biochemistry 33, 9981-9985 (1994).

Yang, J., Mou, J. and Shao, Z. Cryo Temperature Atomic Force Microscopy: instrumentation and application. Proceedings of Microscopy Society of America 52, 414-415 (1994).

Ximen, J., Shao, Z. and Lin, P. S. D.   Theoretical Calculations of Probe Size of Low Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopes. Journal of Microscopy 170, 119-124 (1993).

Yang, J., Tamm, L. K., Tillack, T. W. and Shao, Z.  A New Approach for Atomic Force Microscopy of Membrane Proteins: the Imaging of Cholera Toxin.  Journal of Molecular Biology 229, 286-290 (1993).

Wang, Y.L., Lai, M.Y. and Shao, Z.  On the Optical Properties of an Electrostatic Retarding Field Lens. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A11, 406-411 (1993),

Zhao, L., Wang, Y. Y., Ho, R., Shao, Z., Somlyo, A. V. and Somlyo, A. P.  Thickness Determination of Biological Thin Sections by Multiple Least-Squares Fit of the Carbon K-edge in the Electron Energy Loss Spectrum.   Ultramicroscopy  48, 290-296 (1993),

Yang, J. and Shao, Z.  The Effect of Probe Force on Resolution in Atomic Force Microscopy of DNA. Ultramicroscopy 50, 157-170 (1993).

Mou, J., Yang, J. and Shao, Z.  An Optical Detection Low Temperature Atomic Force Microscope at Ambient Pressure for Biological Research. Review of Scientific Instruments 64, 1483-1488 (1993).

Shao, Z. and Ximen, J.  Canonical Aberration Theory of Multipoles: A Critical Reanalysis. Journal of Applied Physics 71, 1588-1593 (1992).

Wang, Y.Y., Ho, R., Shao, Z. and Somlyo, A.P.  Optimization of Quantitative Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy in the Low Loss Region: Phosphorus L-Edge. Ultramicroscopy 41, 11-32 (1992).

Yang, J., Takeyasu, K. and Shao, Z.  Atomic Force Microscopy of DNA Molecules. FEBS Letters 301, 173-176 (1992).

Yang, J., Takeyasu, K., Somlyo, A. P. and Shao, Z.  Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of an Ionic Crystal: Ferritin Core. Ultramicroscopy 45, 199-203 (1992).

Yuan, J.-Y., Shao, Z. and Gao, C. Comments on Physical Review Letters 67, 863 (1991). Physical Review Letters 68, 2564 (1992).

Yang, J., Takeyasu, K., Somlyo, A.P. and Shao, Z.  Molecular Resolution Imaging of Polyglucose by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy.  FEBS Letters 279, 295-299 (1991).

Shao, Z., Baumann, O. and Somlyo, A. P.  Axial Resolution of Confocal Microscopes with Parallel beam Detection. Journal of Microscopy 164, 13-19 (1991).

Yuan, J.-Y., Shao, Z., and Gao, C. An Alternative Method of Imaging Surface Topologies of Non-conducting Bulk Specimens by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. Physical Review Letters 67, 863-866 (1991).

Wang, Y. Y., Feng, Y. Y., Sutto, T. E., and Shao, Z. Investigation of Dielectric Function of BaBiO3 by Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy and Ellipsometry. Physical Review B44, 7098-7101 (1991).

Ho, R. and Shao, Z.  Axial Resolution of Confocal Microscopes Revisited.  Optik 88, 147-154 (1991).

Shao, Z. and Wang, Y.L.  On the Optimization of Ion Micro-probes. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B8, 95-99 (1990).

Shao, Z. and Wu, X.  A Study on Hyperbolic Mirrors as Correctors. Optik 84, 51-54 (1990).

Shao, Z. and Wu, X.  Properties of a 4-electrode Adjustable Electron Mirror as an Aberration Corrector. Review of Scientific Instruments 61, 1230-1235 (1990).

Wu, X. and Shao, Z.  A Qualitative Analysis of Chromatic Aberration of "Thick" Electrostatic Lenses. Optik 84, 66-69 (1990).

Yuan, J.Y. and Shao, Z.  Simple Model for Image Formation in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Non-conducting Materials. Ultramicroscopy 34, 223-226 (1990).

Shao, Z.  Extraction of Secondary Electrons in a Newly Proposed Immersion Lens. Review of Scientific Instruments 60, 693-699 (1989).

Shao, Z. and Lin, P.S.D.  A High Resolution - Low Voltage Electron Optical System for Very Large Specimens.  Review of Scientific Instruments 60, 3434-3441 (1989).

Shao, Z. and Crewe, A.V.  On the Resolution of Low Energy Reflection Electron Microscope Based on Wave Electron Optics. Ultramicroscopy  31, 199-204 (1989).

Shao, Z. and Wu, X.  An Adjustable 4-Electrode Electron Mirror as an Aberration Corrector. Applied Physics Letters  55, 2696-2697 (1989).

Mu, C., Shao, Z. and Kapp, O.  Three-Dimensional Reconstruction from Noisy Projections. Optik 79, 99-104 (1988).

Shao, Z. and Crewe, A.V.  A Study on the Optimization of Aperture in an Aberrated Probe Forming System. Optik 79, 105-110 (1988).

Shao, Z., Beck, V. and Crewe, A.V.  A Study of Octupoles as Correctors. Journal of Applied Physics 64, 1646-1651 (1988).

Shao, Z. and Crewe, A.V.  Ideal Lenses and the Scherzer Theorem: A Supplement. Ultramicroscopy 26, 385-388 (1988).

Shao, Z.  Correction of Spherical Aberrations in the Transmission Electron Microscope. Optik 80, 61-75 (1988).

Shao, Z.  New Lens for a Low Voltage Scanning Electron Microscope. Review of Scientific Instruments 59,  1985-1989 (1988).

Shao, Z. Toward High Resolution Low Voltage SEM. Proceedings of Microscopy Society of America 46, 855-856 (1986).

Shao, Z.  On the Fifth Order Aberration in a Sextupole Corrected Probe Forming System. Review of Scientific Instruments 59, 2429-2437 (1988).

Shao, Z.  A Study on Multipole Systems as Correctors. Optik 75, 152-157 (1987).

Shao, Z., Mu, C. and Kapp, O.   Inexact Reconstruction of Multiple Grey Level Objects from Their Projections.  Optik 76, 12-17 (1987).

Shao, Z. and Crewe, A.V. Spherical Aberrations of Multipoles. Journal of Applied Physics 62, 1149-1153 (1987).

Shao, Z. and Crewe, A.V.  Chromatic Aberration Effects in Small Electron Probes. Ultramicroscopy 23, 169-174 (1987).

Mu, C. and Shao, Z. Inexact Reconstruction with Added Noise. Proceedings of Microscopy Society of America 44, 184-185 (1986).

Shao, Z. and Ximen, J.  Two-Dimensional Phase Retrieval from Image and Diffraction Patterns in Electron Microscopy.  Optik 71, 15-22 (1985).

Ximen, J., Shao, Z. and Crewe, A.V.  Wave Electron Optical Properties of a Magnetic Lens Corrected with Sextupoles. Optik 70, 37-42 (1985)

Ximen, J. and Shao, Z.  A Study of an Inhomogeneous Gradient Magnetic Field Spectrometer with a Curvilinear Axis. Optik 71, 73-79 (1985)

Ximen, J. and Shao, Z.  Three Dimensional Algebraic Reconstruction from Three Mutually Orthogonal Projections.  Optik 71, 143-148 (1985)

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