CD70

Aka CD27 ligand
Role in T cell activation; induces T cell proliferation and enhances generation of cytolytic T cells
Positive staining (normal): activated B, T cells
Positive staining (disease): Reed-Sternberg cells
　

CD71

Aka transferrin receptor
Present on actively proliferating cells; essential for iron transport into proliferating cells (benign and malignant)
Ferrotransferrin binds CD71 at neutral pH, is internalized to an acidic endosomal compartment
Iron-free apotransferrin remains bound to CD71 at pH 5, is returned to cell surface, where pH rises to 7.4.
At neutral pH, apotransferrin loses affinity for receptor, is released into circulation, allowing a new cycle to begin
Positive staining (normal): all proliferating cells plus iron requiring cells: reticulocytes, erythroid precursors, capillary endothelium in brain
Positive staining (disease): AML M6, primary effusion lymphoma
　

CD72

Cell surface protein expressed exclusively on B cells; may control B cell proliferation
Associated with CD5
Positive staining (normal): B cells
Positive staining (disease): hairy cell leukemia
　

CD73

Aka ecto-5'-nucleotidase, PI-linked
Catalyses dephosphorylation of purine and pyrimidine ribo- and deoxyribonucleoside monophosphates to their corresponding nucleosides
Mediates costimulatory signals in T cell activation, lymphocyte adhesion to endothelium
May be lymphocyte maturation marker
High levels are poor prognostic factors in leukemia/lymphomas
Positive staining (normal): B and T cell subset; endothelial cells, on follicular dendritic cells, epithelial cells
Positive staining (disease): acute T cell leukemia, CLL, ALL
　

CD74

Gamma chain antigen associated with MHC class II antigen
In synthesis of class II antigens of MHC, newly synthesized alpha and beta chains form stable complex with gamma chains in the endoplasmic reticulum; then transported to Golgi, where gamma chain dissociates
Positive staining (normal): B-cells, activated T-cells, macrophages, activated endothelial and epithelial cells
　

CD75

Aka lactosamines; LN-1
Ligand for CD22
Involved in cell adhesion
Positive staining (normal): B cells, T cells, erythrocytes
Positive staining (disease): “popcorn cells” of lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin disease
Micro images: lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin disease
Reference: Archives 2002;126:862
　

CD75s

Alpha-2,6-sialylated lactosamines (formerly CDw75 and CDw76)
　

CDw76

Deleted at 7th HLDA Workshop; see new CD75s

CD77

Aka globotriaosylceraminde, pK blood group
Binds to Shiga toxin (produced by Shigella dysenteriae), verotoxin 1 (produced by E. coli), CD19
Positive staining (normal): B cells
Positive staining (disease): Burkitt's lymphoma
　

CDw78

Deleted at 7th HLDA Workshop

CD79a

Encodes the Ig-alpha protein of the B-cell antigen receptor; receptor also includes Ig-beta protein, surface immunoglobulin
Expressed early in B-cell differentiation (often positive when mature B-cell markers are negative); also expressed in plasma cells
Uses: positive in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, small B cell lymphoproliferative disorders when CD20 may be negative; more consistently preserved in infarcted lymphomas than CD20, Archives 2003;127:60
Positive staining: B cell lymphomas, lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, classic Hodgkin lymphoma
Micro images: Warthin-Finkeldey giant cells in measles related appendicitis (Figure C), infarcted lymphomas, figures 2 & 6
　

CD79b

Encodes the Ig-beta protein of the B-cell antigen receptor; receptor also includes Ig-alpha protein, surface immunoglobulin
　

CD80

Aka B7-1, BB1
Ligand for T cell marker CD28 or CTLA4 (CD152)
Co-regulator of T cell activation with CD86
Has critical role in autoimmune, humoral, and transplant responses
Positive staining (normal): activated B cells, T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells
Reference: 112203
　

CD81

Aka Target of an Anti-Proliferative Antibody (TAPA1)
Antibodies against TAPA1 induce homotypic aggregation of cells and can inhibit their growth
Member of CD19/CD21/Leu-13 signal transduction complex; regulates cell growth in unknown manner
May be site of binding of Hepatitis C virus
Positive staining (normal): lymphocytes, endothelial cells, epithelial cells
Negative staining: erythrocytes, platelets, neutrophils
　

CD82

Aka prostate cancer antimetastasis gene KAI1, 'kang ai' (Chinese for anticancer).
Metastasis suppressor gene; downregulated in tumor progression of cancers
Expression correlates with p53 expression
Associates with CD4 or CD8 and delivers costimulatory signals for T cell receptor pathway
Activation antigen for T cells
Positive staining (normal): activated/differentiated hemaoietic cells
Negative staining: erythrocytes
Reference: 600623
　

CD83

Summary: Marker for dendritic cells
May assist in antigen presentation or cellular interactions that follow lymphocyte activation.
Positive staining (normal): dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, lymphocytes
Positive staining (disease): Churg-Strauss syndrome myocarditis in inflammatory infiltrates, Archives 2003;127:98
Micro images: Churg-Strauss syndrome myocarditis
Reference: GeneCards
　

CD84

Summary: Homophilic adhesion molecule that enhances IFN-gamma secretion
Positive staining (normal): B cells, thymocytes, T cell subset, monocytes/macrophages, platelets
Reference: GeneCards
　

CD85

Summary: Marker of plasma cells and hairy cell leukemia
Aka LILRB1

ILT/LIR family

Inhibitory MHC class I receptor prevents killing by NK and T cells

Also inhibits B cells activated by antigen receptor and myelomonocytic cells activated by HLA-DR
Positive staining (normal): plasma cells (strong), mantle zone, germinal center B cells, T cell subset, NK cell subset; dendritic cells
Positive staining (disease): hairy cell leukemia (strong)
Reference: GeneCards
　

CD85a-ILT5/LIR3
CD85b-ILT8
CD85c-LIR8
CD85d-ILT4/LIR2, MIR10
CD85e-ILT6/LIR4
CD85f-ILT11
CD85g-ILT7
CD85h-ILT1/LIR7
CD85i-LIR6
CD85j-ILT2/LIR1, MIR7
CD85k-ILT3/LIR5
CD85l-ILT9
CD85m-ILT10
　

CD86

Summary: Costimulates IL-2 production and T cell proliferation
Aka B7-2
Ligand for CD28 (CD80 also binds CD28), CD152 (CTLA4)
Induction of an immune response requires T cells to receive 2 sets of signals from antigen presenting cells. The first is delivered through the T-cell receptor complex, while the second is provided by the B-cell activation antigens B7-1, or CD80 and B7-2, or CD86 by interaction with the T-cell surface molecules CD28 and CTLA4
Positive staining (normal): interdigitating dendritic cells in T zones of secondary lymphoid organs, Langerhans cells, peripheral blood dendritic cells, memory B cells, germinal center B cells, monocytes (higher levels after g-IFN), endothelial cells, activated T cells
Reference: GeneCards
　

CD87

Summary: Receptor for urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), which converts plasminogen to plasmin

Subject to negative feedback regulation by uPA, which cleaves it into an inactive form

Implicated in metastasis - receptors for uPA and plasmin are found at leading edge of tumor cells; plasmin causes hydrolysis of extra-cellular matrix proteins in the path of cellular invasion
May have adherence and chemotaxis functions
Positive staining (normal): T-cells, NK cells, monocytes, neutrophils (higher after activation), endothelial cells, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, keratinocytes, placental trophoblasts, hepatocytes
Positive staining (tumors): carcinomas of breast, colon and prostate; melanoma
Reference:  GeneCards
　

CD88

Summary: receptor for C5a, the chemotactic and inflammatory peptide anaphylatoxin
Stimulates chemotaxis, granule enzyme release and superoxide anion production
Reduced levels in HIV patients
Positive staining (normal): granulocytes, macrophages/monocytes, dendritic cells, astrocytes, microglia
Reference:  GeneCards
　

CD89

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