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CD146
Aka melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MEL-CAM), cell surface glycoprotein MUC18
May be a neural crest cell adhesion molecule during embryogenesis
Associated with tumor progression and the development of metastasis in human malignant melanoma
Sensitive but nonspecific marker of desmoplastic/spindle cell melanoma; use if suggestive histology, S100 positive, melanoma markers otherwise negative, AJSP 2001;25:58
Interpretation: expression is membranous
Positive staining (normal): vascular smooth muscle, endothelium, intermediate trophoblast in exaggerated placental sites and placental site trophoblastic tumors (Hum Path 1999;30:687), subpopulation of T cells, endothelium, smooth muscle, Schwann cells
Positive staining (tumors): clear cell sarcoma (90%), leiomyosarcomas (almost all), melanoma (desmoplastic-84%, epithelioid melanomas-100%, advanced primary tumors and metastatic tumors), melanotic schwannoma (100%), MPNST (27%), neurofibroma (40%), prostatic adenocarcinoma and high grade PIN, squamous cell carcinomas (some), vascular sarcomas (almost all)
Negative staining: normal melanocytes, melanocytic nevi, cellular blue nevus, thin primary melanomas, placental site nodules (or focal), epithelioid trophoblastic tumors (or focal), cytotrophoblast, atypical fibroxanthoma
Micro images (AJSP subscribers): desmoplastic melanoma (figure 1D), clear cell sarcoma (figure 3C), melanotic schwannoma (figure 4C)
Reference: AJSP 2001;25:58
CD147
Aka neurothelin, extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer
Positive staining (normal): all leukocytes, red blood cells, platelets and endothelial cells
CD148
Aka HPTP-eta
May be involved in contact inhibition of cell growth
Positive staining (normal): granulocytes, monocytes, memory T cells, dendritic cells, platelets, fibroblasts, neurons, Kupffer cells
CDw149
Deleted (now designated CD47R) at the 7th HLDA Workshop
Reference: Tissue Antigens 2000;56:258
CD150
Aka signal lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM)
Costimulatory molecule on B lymphocytes and dendritic cells
Positive staining (normal): thymocytes, CD45RO positive subpopulation of T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, endothelium
CD151
May modify integrin function or signaling
Positive staining (normal): endothelium, platelets, megakaryocytes, epithelium
CD152
Aka cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein-4, CTLA4
Negative regulator of T cell activation
CTLA4 restriction fragment length polymorphisms are linked to various autoimmune disorders
Shares sequence homology with CD28; also shares ligands CD80 and CD86 with CD28
Positive staining (normal): activated but not resting T cells, activated B cells
References: 123890
CD153
Aka CD30 ligand
Enhances CD3-activated T lymphocyte proliferation
CD154
Aka CD40 ligand, CD40L, TNF-related activation protein (TRAP)
Regulates B cell function by engaging CD40
Defective gene prevents immunoglobulin class switch and is associated with hyper IgM syndrome, autoimmune hematologic disorders, disorganized nodal follicular architecture and PAS-positive plasmacytoid cells containing IgM, lymph nodes without germinal centers, shortened lifespan, often with gastrointestinal cancers (cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma) and Cryptosporidium parvum infection
Positive staining (normal): T cells
CD155
Aka polio virus receptor
Involved in intercellular adhesion
Positive staining (normal): embryonic structures giving rise to spinal cord anterior horn motor neurons
CD156a
Aka ADAM8
May play a role in muscle differentiation
Possible role in neutrophilic extravasation
Positive staining (normal): neutrophils, monocytes
CD156b
Aka Tumor necrosis factor Alpha Converting Enzyme (TACE), ADAM17
Adhesion structure; releases soluble forms of tumor necrosis factor and transforming growth factor-alpha from cells
Positive staining (normal): all cells examined, with pro-domain removed
CD157
Aka Bone marrow STromal cell antigen 1 (BST1)
Facilitates pre-B-cell growth
33% homology to CD38
Overexpression may cause polyclonal B-cell abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis
Positive staining (normal): granulocytes, monocytes, B cell progenitors, T cell subpopulations
CD158
Member of KIR (killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor) family, also called killer cell inhibitory receptors
Binding by HLA class I molecules causes inhibition of NK or T cell cytotoxic activity
Melanoma specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes may express KIR and regulate their ability to kill these tumors
Positive staining (normal): Natural killer cells (NK cells), some T cells
CD158a
Aka KIR2DL1/p58.1
Regulates NK cell mediated cytolytic activity
Includes two different molecules with inhibitory and activation effects, presumably encoded by different genes of the same family
Positive staining (normal): NK cell subset
CD158b
CD158b1 aka KIR2DL2/p58.2
CD158b2 aka KIR2DL3/p58.3
Regulates NK cell mediated cytolytic activity
Includes two different molecules with inhibitory and activation effects, presumably encoded by different genes of the same family
Positive staining (normal): NK cell subset, rare T cells
CD158c-KIR2DS6/KIRX
CD158d-KIR2DL4
CD158e1-KIR3DL1/p70
CD158e2-KIR3DS1/p70
CD158f-KIR2DL5
CD158g-KIR2DS5
CD158h-KIR2DS1/p50.1
CD158i-KIR2DS4/p50.3
CD158j-KIR2DS2/p50.2
CD158k-KIR3DL2/p140
CD158z-KIR3DL7/KIRC1
CD159a
Aka NKG2A, killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C member 1
Mediates signaling in the killing process by NK cells
Positive staining (normal): NK cells
Aka BY55
Expression tightly associated with peripheral blood NK cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes with cytolytic effector activity
Positive staining (normal): circulating NK (CD56 dim, CD116+) and T cells, spleen, small intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes
CD161
Aka killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily B, member 1
May mediate NK cell function
Positive staining (normal): NK cells, subset of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, memory T cells, thymocytes (some)
CD162
Aka P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand 1, PSGL-1
Important in adhesive interactions between circulating leukocytes and platelets and endothelial cells
Mediates rolling on activated endothelium or activated platelets (which express P selectin / CD62P) and other leukocytes at inflammatory sites
Site of binding of human granulocyte ehrlichiosis bacteria
Positive staining (normal): myeloid cells, stimulated T cells
Aka PEN5
Positive staining (normal): NK cells
CD163
Hemoglobin/haptoglobin scavenger receptor
Soluble form attenuates immune response
Positive staining (normal): monocytes/macrophages
CD164
Aka MUC-24, sialomucin
Mucin-like cell surface glycoprotein that facilitates adhesion of CD34+ cells; regulates hemopoietic cell proliferation
Positive staining (normal): small and large bowel epithelia; lung, thyroid epithelia
Positive staining (tumors): colorectal carcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma
CD165
Involved in adhesion between thymocytes and thymic epithelial cells
Positive staining (normal): immature thymocytes, monocytes, platelets, CNS neurons, islet cells, Bowman’s capsule of kidney
Positive staining (tumors): many T-acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL)
CD166
Aka Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule (ALCAM)
Adhesion molecule, binds to CD6
Involved in neuronal neurite extension, embryonic hemopoiesis, embryonic angiogenesis
Positive staining (normal): neurons, activated T cells, activated monocytes, epithelium, fibroblasts
