丙型肝炎将不再可怕

生物谷

丙肝病毒（HCV）最初是在受感染的黑猩猩血液中发现的，它会持续感染宿主细胞，引发丙型肝炎，肝硬化，最终导致肝癌。所以科学家们一直致力于抗HCV药物的研发以及HCV疫苗的研究。当前抗HCV病毒有效的药物是干扰素（IFN）和病毒唑，但疗效并不令人满意，抗HCV特异性药物只能在临床前和临床实验中进行，因为HCV在培养细胞中繁殖很困难，而且实验缺乏合适的病毒培养系统和动物模型。

随着研究的深入，科学家们发现了HCV亚基因组复制系统，使用了JFH-1克隆的病毒培养系统，移植了人体肝细胞的Alb-uPA/SCID的小鼠作为实验动物模型，以此设计出了抗HCV药物如NS53和NS5B抑制剂。在抗HCV药物的研究中，HCV生活史中的每一步都可能成为开发反HCV药物的靶点。HCV克隆后，新的感染就会持续增加，HCV感染的高危人群仍然存在，比如健康人和静脉药物使用者，所以研发预防HCV的疫苗一样重要。HCV如何侵入宿主免疫系统，保护性免疫如何抵御HCV感染，仍然是有效疫苗的研究重点。除此之外，HCV疫苗也可以用于慢性携带者的免疫治疗。

原始出处:

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
Volume 59, Issue 12, 10 October 2007, Pages 1196-1199

HCV research and anti-HCV drug discovery: Toward the next generation

Takaji Wakita Corresponding Author Contact Information , a, E-mail The Corresponding Author
aDepartment of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
Received 16 August 2007; accepted 17 August 2007. Available online 27 August 2007.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes persistent infection and induces chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and finally hepatocellular carcinoma. Current therapies for HCV infection have not been satisfactory, and more effective anti-viral treatments are needed. In this regard, detailed analysis of HCV has been hampered by a lack of appropriate viral culture systems and small animal models of infection. However, rapid progress in HCV research has recently been achieved, such as a subgenomic replicon system, a viral culture system using JFH-1 clone and the Alb-uPA/SCID mouse transplanted with human liver cells. Such progress will propel HCV research and anti-HCV drug discovery toward the next generation.

Keywords: Hepatitis C virus; Anti-viral drug; Interferon; Ribavirin; Vaccine; Replicon; Virus culture

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