小冰川对海平面上升的贡献大

    研究人员报告说，小的冰川和冰帽而不是极地冰架，将是2100年之前由于冰融化导致的海平面上升的主要贡献者。大多数海平面研究人员一直将注意力集中在格陵兰和南极的巨大冰架，因为它们含有极大量的冰冻水，但是Mark F. Meier和一个国际小组关注了只占冰架体积1%的冰川。这些科学家发现，冰川可能贡献60%或者10到25厘米的海平面上升。如果这些冰川完全融化，它们将会有足够的水使海平面上升几乎1米，所以它们的作用将是很重要的，尤其因为相对于它们的大小，冰川比两个大的极地冰架更容易大量融化。海洋温度是海平面上升的另一个主要原因。

原始出处：
Published Online July 19, 2007
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1143906
Submitted on April 17, 2007
Accepted on July 10, 2007

Glaciers Dominate Eustatic Sea-Level Rise in the 21st Century

Mark F. Meier F. Meier 1*, Mark B. Dyurgerov 2, Ursula K. Rick 3, Shad O'Neel 4, W. Tad Pfeffer 5, Robert S. Anderson 6, Suzanne P. Anderson 7, Andrey F. Glazovsky 8

1 Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, UCB 450, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA.
2 Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, UCB 450, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA; Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, SE-1061, Stockholm, Sweden.
3 Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, UCB 450, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, UCB 311, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0311, USA.
4 Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, UCB 450, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA; Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska-Fairbanks. Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA; Department of Geological Sciences, UBC 399, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0399, USA.
5 Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, UCB 450, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA; Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, UCB 428, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0428, USA.
6 Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, UCB 450, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA; Department of Geological Sciences, UBC 399, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0399, USA.
7 Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, UCB 450, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA; Department of Geography, UCB 260 University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309-0260, USA.
8 Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetny 29, 119107, Moscow, Russia.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Mark F. Meier F. Meier , E-mail: mark.meier@colorado.edu

Ice loss to the sea currently accounts for virtually all of sea-level rise not attributable to ocean warming; about 60% of the ice loss is from glaciers and ice caps rather than from the two ice sheets. The contribution of these smaller glaciers has accelerated over the last decade, in part due to dramatic thinning and retreat of marine-terminating glaciers associated with a dynamic instability generally not considered in mass balance/climate modeling. This acceleration of glacier melt may cause 0.1-0.25 m of additional sea-level rise by 2100.

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