Science：鼓励性话语可令人们付出更大努力

3月21日的《科学》（Science）杂志报道说，脑研究者已经知道，只要大脑考虑做某种动作就会引起身体的运动，而该运动者并非有意识地决定要做动作。如今，Henk Aart及其同僚显示，当人们在接受关于做出动作信息的同时还伴随听到些许下意识的“鼓励性言论”的话，做该动作的人会付出更大的努力。研究人员对这一想法进行了测试。他们先向人们显示一组如“用力”等与努力有关的词汇，然后对他们握力测试的表现进行测量。结果发现，那些看到鼓励性词汇（诸如“好”）与要努力的词汇混合出现的人要比那些仅看到要努力的词汇者具有更强且快速的握力测试表现。作者说，这表明正面的词汇可以激发人们付出更大的努力来做某项工作。（来源：EurekAlert!中文版）

生物谷推荐原始出处：

（Science），Vol. 319. no. 5870, p. 1639，Henk Aarts，Hans Marien

Preparing and Motivating Behavior Outside of Awareness

Henk Aarts,* Ruud Custers, Hans Marien

The mere activation of the idea of a behavioral act moves the human body without the person consciously deciding to take action. In an experiment, we showed that people subliminally primed with the concept of exertion were faster to squeeze a hand grip forcefully but expended more effort when the subliminal primes were directly accompanied by consciously visible positive stimuli. These findings demonstrate the human capacity to rely on mental processes in preparing and motivating behavior outside of awareness.

Department of Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands.