Science：生科院郭爱克教授神经环路调控果蝇价值抉择新发现

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3．Mushroom bodies (MBs) improve contrast discrimination
Attention is the cognitive mechanism by which salient or behaviorally relevant sensory information is selected for perception and awareness. At any given time, only a small amount of visual information on the retina can be processed and used further in the control of behavior. We found that MBs mediate attention-like behavior in visual object tracking paradigms in the flight simulator. MBs can substantially increase visual contrast gain at a lower contrast range and inhibit both visual and olfactory background noise in visual object tracking.

4. Novel stimulus-induced calcium efflux in Drosophila’s Mushroom bodies
The physiological properties of MBs neurons remain elusive. Using calcium-imaging technique we found that electrical stimulation dramatically induced a reduction of calcium level, instead of calcium level increase, in the termini of the MB fibers. This novel calcium decrease is mainly specific to some parts of MBs neurons. The block of GABA receptors promoted calcium propagation through the MB fibers, but did not disrupt electrical stimulation-induced calcium level decrease. Our findings indicated that sodium-calcium exchangers play an essential role in regulating calcium efflux in Drosophila’s MBs.

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