Science：利用成体鼠肝和胃细胞培养出诱导多功能干细胞成功
生物谷报道：日本科学技术振兴机构１５日发表新闻公报说，京都大学教授山中伸弥等人利用成体实验鼠的肝和胃细胞培育出诱导多功能干细胞（ｉＰＳ）。
２００７年１１月，山中伸弥领导的研究小组成功制成ｉＰＳ，但利用了一个与癌症相关的基因，遗留了安全隐患。在这次研究中，山中伸弥等人选择了实验鼠的肝和胃黏膜细胞，这两种细胞即使在人体内也是相对容易提取的。
他们仍然借助病毒将４个基因植入这些细胞，培育出了ｉＰＳ。与原先用皮肤细胞培育出的ｉＰＳ相比，这种ｉＰＳ引发癌症的可能性大为下降。
研究人员认为，导致癌症的原因是用于运送基因的病毒使细胞核内的染色体受损。而在肝脏细胞和胃黏膜细胞中，进入染色体的病毒数量只有进入皮肤细胞核染色体数量的十分之一至五分之一。
据报道，相关论文已在美国《科学》杂志网络版上发表。（生物谷援引新华网）
生物谷推荐原始出处：
Published Online February 14, 2008
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1154884
Submitted on January 7, 2008
Accepted on February 7, 2008
Generation of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Adult Mouse Liver and Stomach Cells
1 Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
2 Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
3 Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan.
4 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
5 Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan.; Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158; Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Shinya Yamanaka , E-mail: yamanaka@frontier.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been generated from mouse and human fibroblasts by the retroviral transduction of four transcription factors. However, the cell origins and molecular mechanisms of iPS cell induction remain elusive. This report describes the generation of iPS cells from adult mouse hepatocytes and gastric epithelial cells. These iPS cell clones appear to be equivalent to ES cells in gene expression and are competent to generate germ-line chimeras. Genetic lineage tracing show that liver-derived iPS cells are derived from albumin-expressing cells. No common retroviral integration sites are found among multiple clones. These data suggest that iPS cells are generated by direct reprogramming of lineage-committed somatic cells and that retroviral integration into specific sites is not required.
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