Cell子刊：不伤人类胚胎获取胚胎干细胞新法
生物谷报道：美国科学家日前成功地在不伤害人类胚胎的情况下获取了胚胎干细胞，这不仅回避了相关的伦理争议，而且有望利用此前的多项胚胎干细胞研究进展，加速胚胎干细胞用于临床医疗的多项研究。
来自美国细胞高级技术研究所的专家们在新一期美国《细胞－干细胞》杂志上报告说，他们在人的受精卵分裂成有８个细胞的分裂球时从中提取一个细胞，使其与层粘连蛋白结合，进而将它们诱导成胚胎干细胞。
科研人员说，他们在实验中利用该方法对５个分裂球进行了试验，之后将这些分裂球又重新冷冻起来，并利用从中提取的细胞制成了大量胚胎干细胞。“它们是真实的胚胎干细胞。在实验室里，它们能正常地发育分化为其他各类细胞”，研究所的罗伯特·兰扎博士说。
兰扎介绍说，这种从分裂球中提取细胞的方法，类似于从体外受精后形成的胚胎中提取细胞进行基因检测的方法，这种检测每年都要进行数千例，通常情况下不会伤害胚胎。而对于剩下７个细胞的分裂球而言，它依然具备正常发育直至成为正常婴儿的能力。
兰扎说，新方法提供了在不伤害胚胎的前提下大量制造胚胎干细胞的途径，“这已经成为触手可及的工艺，可以用于增加胚胎干细胞的数量以满足科研需求”。
美国和日本的科学家曾于去年１１月宣布成功将人体皮肤细胞改造成了几乎可以和胚胎干细胞相媲美的干细胞，避开了胚胎干细胞引发的争议。但“皮肤干细胞”的性能还需进一步证实，相关研究正从零开始。而利用此次研究的成果则有望在之前诸多胚胎干细胞研究成果的基础上，加速相关研究，使得胚胎干细胞技术能早日帮助人类对抗多种疾病。（生物谷援引新华网）
生物谷推荐英文原文：
Cell Stem Cell, Vol , Issue ,
Correspondence
Human Embryonic Stem Cell Lines Generated without Embryo Destruction
Young Chung,1,6 Irina Klimanskaya,1,6 Sandy Becker,1 Tong Li,1 Marc Maserati,1 Shi-Jiang Lu,1 Tamara Zdravkovic,2 Dusko Ilic,3 Olga Genbacev,2 Susan Fisher,2,4 Ana Krtolica,3 and Robert Lanza1,5,
1 Advanced Cell Technology, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
2 Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Box 0512, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
3 StemLifeLine, San Carlos, CA 94070, USA
4 Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
5 Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
Corresponding author
Robert Lanza
rlanza@advancedcell.com
To date, the derivation of all human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines has involved destruction of embryos. We previously demonstrated that hESCs can be generated from single blastomeres (Klimanskaya et al., 2006
). In that “proof-of-principle” study, multiple cells were removed from each embryo and none of the embryos were allowed to continue development. Here we report the derivation of five hESC lines without embryo destruction, including one without hESC coculture. Single blastomeres were removed from the embryos by using a technique similar to preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). The biopsied embryos were grown to the blastocyst stage and frozen. The blastomeres were cultured by using a modified approach aimed at recreating the ICM niche, which substantially improved the efficiency of the hESC derivation to rates comparable to whole embryo derivations. All five lines maintained normal karyotype and markers of pluripotency for up to more than 50 passages and differentiated into all three germ layers.
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