
JCS:胆固醇会增加心脏病患病风险
美国圣路易斯大学医学院的研究人员发现,胆固醇会抑制一个保护心脏和血管的关键蛋白质的活性,从而有助于形成动脉粥样硬化,大大增加罹患心脏病和中风的风险。这项发现可能会给治疗或防止心脏病带来新的疗法,以及解答其他高胆固醇相关疾病(包括某些类型的癌症)的成因。这项研究提前刊登在《细胞科学杂志》(Journal of cell science)网络版上。
这项研究的领衔研究员、美国圣路易斯大学医学院生物化学和分子生物学教授黄钧三(音译)说:“我们相信这些发现代表着心血管研究的一个新的重大突破,给我们提供了新的角度来探究胆固醇如何促进动脉粥样硬化,反过来它又如何导致心脏病发作和中风。”
高胆固醇是形成动脉粥样硬化的一个重要危险因素,导致心脏动脉和其他组织被损坏和变窄,阻止血液流通从而增加罹患心脏病和中风的危险。但到目前为止,科学家还不能准确理解胆固醇促进动脉粥样硬化形成的过程。
研究人员在动物模型上发现,胆固醇可限制一个称为转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)的关键的防护型蛋白质的活性。TGF-β在体内具有许多重要功能,它保护主动脉和其他血管免受由高血压和高胆固醇等因素造成的损害。胆固醇可抑制心血管细胞对TGF-β及其防护特质的反应,从而允许动脉粥样硬化的发展。这项研究同时发现,用于降低胆固醇水平的他汀类药物可增强心血管细胞对TGF-β保护行动的反应,从而有助于预防动脉粥样硬化和心脏病的发展。
研究人员认为,这一研究可能会带动开发新颖而有效的疗法,以治疗或防止动脉硬化。例如,使用能增强或促进心血管细胞中TGF-β因子保护活性的药物,或配合其他降胆固醇药物使用,应能有效治疗或预防动脉粥样硬化。(科技日报)
原始出处:
JCS ePress online publication date 18 Sep 2007
doi: 10.1242/jcs.006916
Cholesterol suppresses cellular TGF-
responsiveness: implications in atherogenesis
Chun-Lin Chen, I-Hua Liu, Steven J. Fliesler, Xianlin Han, Shuan Shian Huang, and Jung San Huang*
* Author for correspondence (e-mail: huangjs@slu.edu
)
Hypercholesterolemia is a major causative factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The molecular mechanisms by which cholesterol initiates and facilitates the process of atherosclerosis are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that cholesterol treatment suppresses or attenuates TGF-
responsiveness in all cell types studied as determined by measuring TGF-
-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, TGF-
-induced PAI-1 expression, TGF-
-induced luciferase reporter gene expression and TGF-
-induced growth inhibition. Cholesterol, alone or complexed in lipoproteins (LDL, VLDL), suppresses TGF-
responsiveness by increasing lipid raft and/or caveolae accumulation of TGF-
receptors and facilitating rapid degradation of TGF-
and thus suppressing TGF-
-induced signaling. Conversely, cholesterol-lowering agents (fluvastatin and lovastatin) and cholesterol-depleting agents (
-cyclodextrin and nystatin) enhance TGF-
responsiveness by increasing non-lipid raft microdomain accumulation of TGF-
receptors and facilitating TGF-
-induced signaling. Furthermore, the effects of cholesterol on the cultured cells are also found in the aortic endothelium of ApoE-null mice fed a high-cholesterol diet. These results suggest that high cholesterol contributes to atherogenesis, at least in part, by suppressing TGF-
responsiveness in vascular cells.
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