Nature Medicine：利用干细胞实现肌腱组织再生
肌腱损伤对于运动员而言可能意味着运动生涯的结束，但最近来自南加州大学（USC）牙科学院的Songtao Shi小组在成年肌腱中发现了一种拥有干细胞性质的细胞，它能增生和自我更新。科学家已经能分离这些细胞，并在动物模型中再生出类似肌腱的组织。这些发现能为治疗过度使用和外伤导致的肌腱损伤带来希望。
结果将发表在10月的Nature Medicine上，并将首先出现在9月9日的在线版上。
肌腱是连接骨骼和肌肉的特殊组织，它们由强壮的胶原纤维组成，能传递力从而使身体运动。肌腱损伤是常见的临床疾病，因为损伤的肌腱组织愈合缓慢，而且很少能恢复到正常肌腱的完整和力量。
Shi说：“肌腱损伤在临床上难以治疗，对于运动员和患肌腱撕裂及骨化的普通人而言都是如此。而研究发现能利用干细胞修复它们，我们现在已经知道如何从组织中收集这些细胞，并使它们形成肌腱细胞。”
在这之前，人们对于肌腱的细胞组成等知之甚少。通过在分子水平上观察肌腱，科学家在人类和老鼠中都发现了一种特殊细胞－肌腱干细胞或源细胞（TSPC）。研究小组来自国家健康研究所的牙科及颅面研究部门、Johns Hopkins大学、Maryland大学医学院等机构。
Songtao Shi已经发表了很多关于干细胞在再生过程中所起作用的文章。他是在动物中成功实现牙根再生的国际小组一员。在今年早些时候，Songtao Shi曾在Stem Cells上发表文章，表示间叶干细胞能实现老鼠和猪面部骨骼和皮肤组织的再生。 ( 教育部科技发展中心)
原文链接：http://www.physorg.com/news108573087.html
原始出处:
Nature Medicine
Published online: 9 September 2007 | doi:10.1038/nm1630
Identification of tendon stem/progenitor cells and the role of the extracellular matrix in their niche
Yanming Bi1, Driss Ehirchiou2, Tina M Kilts1, Colette A Inkson1, Mildred C Embree1, Wataru Sonoyama1, Li Li1, Arabella I Leet3, Byoung-Moo Seo1, Li Zhang2, Songtao Shi1,4 & Marian F Young1
The repair of injured tendons remains a great challenge, largely owing to a lack of in-depth characterization of tendon cells and their precursors. We show that human and mouse tendons harbor a unique cell population, termed tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs), that has universal stem cell characteristics such as clonogenicity, multipotency and self-renewal capacity. The isolated TSPCs could regenerate tendon-like tissues after extended expansion in vitro and transplantation in vivo. Moreover, we show that TSPCs reside within a unique niche predominantly comprised of an extracellular matrix, and we identify biglycan (Bgn) and fibromodulin (Fmod) as two critical components that organize this niche. Depletion of Bgn and Fmod affects the differentiation of TSPCs by modulating bone morphogenetic protein signaling and impairs tendon formation in vivo. Our results, while offering new insights into the biology of tendon cells, may assist in future strategies to treat tendon diseases.
- Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, US National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Dr. 30/225 MSC 4320, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 800 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
- Division of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Johns Hopkins University, 601 N. Caroline Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.
Correspondence to: Marian F Young1 e-mail: myoung@dir.nidcr.nih.gov
Correspondence to: Songtao Shi1,4 e-mail: songtaos@usc.edu
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