Stem Cells：间充质干细胞MSCs有望用于面部整形
生物谷报道：美国南加州大学颅面分子生物学研究中心的研究人员施颂涛（音译）及其同事，在干细胞再生骨骼和皮肤组织的研究领域有了新的突破。
他和来自韩国、中国的牙科专家共同发现，间充质干细胞（MSCs）能够再生老鼠和猪面部的骨骼和皮肤组织。他们在发表于《干细胞》杂志上的研究论文中指出，间充质干细胞将会变成整形外科医生的利器，用于修复严重的面部毁容到祛除皱纹。
施颂涛说：“这与当前的整形技术全然不同，它很有可能在不久的将来改变目前整形手术的‘面貌’。”
目前，他们在研究中使用了两种来源的间充质干细胞。一种来自于人体骨髓，施颂涛和同事将这些间充质干细胞植入实验动物的前额中。8周后，前额明显扩展，测试结果显示，这些新组织很健康，并且完全能同现存的骨骼融合。更令人吃惊的是：新的骨骼组织能够达到自动动态平衡状态———自动动态平衡是生产红血球和白血球的过程。
他说：“这非常重要，这并不是植入，而是身体组织及其机能的扩展，这些细胞有能力同身体内的细胞协调工作。”
另外一种间充质干细胞是从牙周韧带中提取的，他和同事将这些干细胞用于老鼠的面部除皱，结果发现，牙周韧带的间充质干细胞通过产生新的胶原纤维而清除了皱纹。
他认为不同的干细胞来源会有不同的作用。他和同事计划探究来自于动物自身组织的自体干细胞的潜能，以改进临床效果。
间充质干细胞是干细胞的一种，具有多能分化的能力，可以分化成神经细胞、血细胞、骨细胞等多种类型细胞。（科技日报）
原始出处:
First published online December 14, 2006
Stem Cells Vol. 25 No. 4 April 2007, pp. 1021-1028
doi:10.1634/stemcells.2006-0576; www.StemCells.com
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Is an Optimal Approach for Plastic Surgery
Dianji Fanga, Byoung-Moo Seob, Yi Liua, Wataru Sonoyamac, Takayoshi Yamazac, Chunmei Zhanga, Songlin Wanga, Songtao Shic
aSalivary Gland Disease Center and the Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China;
bDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea;
cCenter for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
Key Words. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells • Periodontal ligament stem cells • Tissue regeneration • Plastic surgery
Correspondence: Songtao Shi, D.D.S., Ph.D., Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. Telephone: 323-442-3038; Fax: 323-442-2981; e-mail: songtaos@usc.edu ; or Songlin Wang, D.D.S., Ph.D., Salivary Gland Disease Center and the Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 4, Beijing 100050, China. Telephone: 86-10-67062012; Fax: 86-10-83911708; e-mail: songlinwang@dentist.org.cn
Received September 13, 2006; accepted for publication December 1, 2006.
First published online in STEM CELLS EXPRESS December 14, 2006.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to differentiate into a variety of cell types, offering promising approaches for stem cell-mediated tissue regeneration. Here, we explored the potential of utilizing MSCs to reconstruct orofacial tissue, thereby altering the orofacial appearance. We demonstrated that bone marrow MSCs were capable of generating bone structures and bone-associated marrow elements on the surfaces of the orofacial bone. This resulted in significant recontouring of the facial appearance in mouse and swine. Notably, the newly formed bone and associated marrow tissues integrated with the surfaces of the recipient bones and re-established a functional bone marrow organ-like system. These data suggested that MSC-mediated tissue regeneration led to a body structure extension, with the re-establishment of all functional components necessary for maintaining the bone and associated marrow organ. In addition, we found that the subcutaneous transplantation of another population of MSCs, the human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), could form substantial amounts of collagen fibers and improve facial wrinkles in mouse. By contrast, bone marrow MSCs failed to survive at 8 weeks post-transplantation under the conditions used for the PDLSC transplantation. This study suggested that the mutual interactions between donor MSCs and recipient microenvironment determine long-term outcome of the functional tissue regeneration. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
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