Science：人类白血病细胞在小鼠身上生长
一个新的小鼠模型帮助癌症研究人员识别能在小鼠身上模仿白血病人的细胞类型，并随着疾病的进展监测这些细胞。这项研究也许能带来根绝白血病启动细胞的更有效的白血病治疗方法。小鼠模型在研究白血病上至关重要，但是因为白血病细胞来自小鼠，这些模型的作用有限。Frédéric Barabé和同事报告的这个新模型中，原生人血细胞表达一个白血病融合基因的混合、分化、在小鼠身上扎根、最终导致与骨髓或淋巴有关的急性白血病。因为这些小鼠身上的癌症细胞具有人类疾病的特征，它们也许能为启动白血病和导致其发展的诱因提供新的线索。
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ReportsModeling the Initiation and Progression of Human Acute Leukemia in MiceFrédéric Barabé,1,2,3,4* James A. Kennedy,1,5* Kristin J. Hope,1,5 John E. Dick1,5
 Abstract
Our understanding of leukemia development and progression has been hampered by the lack of in vivo models in which disease is initiated from primary human hematopoietic cells. We showed that upon transplantation into immunodeficient mice, primitive human hematopoietic cells expressing a mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) fusion gene generated myeloid or lymphoid acute leukemias, with features that recapitulated human diseases. Analysis of serially transplanted mice revealed that the disease is sustained by leukemia-initiating cells (L-ICs) that have evolved over time from a primitive cell type with a germline immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene configuration to a cell type containing rearranged IgH genes. The L-ICs retained both myeloid and lymphoid lineage potential and remained responsive to microenvironmental cues. The properties of these cells provide a biological basis for several clinical hallmarks of MLL leukemias. 1 Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada. * These authors contributed equally to this work.
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