成体骨髓间充质干细胞的多能性

生物谷

我们在此报道的细胞是与基质干细胞共分离、纯化得到的，并把其称之为多能性成体祖细胞或MAPCs。这种细胞的单个细胞在体外不仅可分化为间充质细胞，而且可以分化为具有中胚层、神经外胚层和外胚层细胞特征的细胞。把这些细胞注入早期囊胚后，单个MAPCs可以分化为绝大多数类型的体细胞；当这些细胞移入非射线照射的宿主体内后，MAPCs除可以分化为肝上皮、肺上皮和肠上皮细胞外，还可以定植并分化为造血家系的细胞；当这些细胞移入最低量射线照射的宿主体内后，它们既可在消化道定植又可以在造血系统定植。由于MAPCs具有强大的增值能力，而没有明显的衰老或分化潜能的降低，所以它们可以作为遗传性或退行性疾病治疗的理想细胞来源。

Pluripotency of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adult marrow

Yuehua Jiang*†, Balkrishna N. Jahagirdar*†‡, R. Lee Reinhardt§, Robert E. Schwartz*, C. Dirk Keenek, Xilma R. Ortiz-Gonzalezk,

Morayma Reyes*, Todd Lenvik*, Troy Lund*, Mark Blackstad*, Jingbo Du*, Sara Aldrich*, Aaron Lisberg*, Walter C. Lowk,
David A. Largaespada{ & Catherine M. Verfaillie*‡

* Stem Cell Institute, ‡ Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, § Department of Microbiology, Center for
Immunology, k Department of Neurosurgery, and { Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis,
Minnesota 55455, USA
† These authors contributed equally to this work

We report here that cells co-purifying with mesenchymal stem cells—termed here multipotent adult progenitor cells or MAPCs—differentiate, at the single cell level, not only into mesenchymal cells, but also cells with visceral mesoderm, neuroectoderm and endoderm characteristics in vitro. When injected into an early blastocyst, single MAPCs contribute to most, if not all, somatic cell types. On transplantation into a non-irradiated host, MAPCs engraft and differentiate to the haematopoietic lineage, in addition to the epithelium of liver, lung and gut. Engraftment in the haematopoietic system as well as the gastrointestinal tract is increased when MAPCs are transplanted in a minimally irradiated host. As MAPCs proliferate extensively without obvious senescence or loss of differentiation potential, they may be an ideal cell source for therapy of inherited or degenerative diseases.