
AJPH:调节薄荷醇含量能吸引年轻烟民
美国一项新研究报告指出,烟草公司通过调节香烟中的薄荷醇含量来吸引年轻烟民,让他们刚开始吸烟的时候就能感觉很舒服。此份报告将进一步支持烟草行业的限制措施。
“薄荷醇会刺激肺部和咽喉部位的冷感受器,”哈佛公共卫生学院的格雷戈里?柯诺伦(Gregory Connolly)博士称,“这使得吸烟变得更容易了。如果我们让烟草公司任其发展下去的话,就会导致数亿美国人早死。我们的研究表明我们要制止这种行为。”
该报告发表在《美国公共卫生杂志》(American Journal of Public Health )上。目前,美国国会正在考虑新的立法,赋予食品药物管理局更大的权利来管理烟草行业。
柯诺伦认为,烟草公司用薄荷醇味道清淡的香烟吸引年轻烟民,再用薄荷醇味道浓烈的香烟来吸引老烟民。“薄荷醇可以减少尼古丁的味道,” 柯诺伦在接受电话采访时说,“但是薄荷醇味道太强烈,新烟民可能接受不了。”
吸烟是美国的最大死因,每年导致40多万人死亡。2006年美国的一项调查发现,44%的烟民只有12—17岁,还有36%的烟民是18—24岁。据美国肺脏协会称,每天有4000孩子吸第一口烟,还有大约1100名孩子成了正常烟民。
罗瑞拉德公司公司旗下的纽宝(Newport)品牌和Philip Morris USA的万宝路淡烟在年轻成人烟民市场所占份额最高,这些牌子的香烟的薄荷醇含量最低。柯诺伦认为,这些烟草公司很明显是在“利用香烟成分来使吸烟成瘾变得更容易。”此研究说明,食品和药物管理局有必要对烟草行业进行管制。
薄荷醇本身并不令人上瘾,但能轻易“引渡”尼古丁,而尼古丁是一种高度上瘾的物质。70%以上的非裔美国烟民吸薄荷醇香烟,有30%左右的白人烟民吸薄荷醇香烟。然而,这些烟草公司则对此研究结果存有异议,不承认公司利用薄荷醇来勾引年轻烟民。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
American Journal of Public Health,doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.125542,Jennifer M. Kreslake,Gregory N. Connolly
Tobacco Industry Control of Menthol in Cigarettes and Targeting of Adolescents and Young Adults
1 Harvard School of Public Health, Division of Public Health Practice
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jkreslak@hsph.harvard.edu .
Abstract
Objectives. We examined whether tobacco manufacturers manipulate the menthol content of cigarettes in an effort to target adolescents and young adults.
Methods. We analyzed data from tobacco industry documents describing menthol product development, results of laboratory testing of US menthol brands, market research reports, and the 2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health.
Results. The tobacco industry attracted new smokers by promoting cigarettes with lower menthol content, which were popular with adolescents and young adults, and provided cigarettes with higher menthol content to long-term smokers. Menthol cigarette sales remained stable from 2000 to 2005 in the United States, despite a 22% decline in overall packs sold.
Conclusions. Tobacco companies manipulate the sensory characteristics of cigarettes, including menthol content, thereby facilitating smoking initiation and nicotine dependence. Menthol brands that have used this strategy have been the most successful in attracting youth and young adult smokers and have grown in popularity.
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