
JBC:阿尔茨海默氏症潜在靶标为双刃剑

一项在果蝇中进行的研究显示,增加一种名为脑啡肽酶的蛋白质的生成量能减少阿尔茨海默氏症引起的淀粉斑形成和神经元损伤,但这种方法会减少果蝇的寿命。相关论文发表在《生物化学杂志》(Journal of Biological Chemistry)上。
β-淀粉样蛋白斑在大脑中的形成是阿尔茨海默氏症的主要特征,一般认为它对该病的恶化有促进作用。正常情况下,有特定的酶消化清除这些斑块,这类酶功能缺失是阿尔茨海默氏症的潜在诱因之一。
实际上,淀粉斑的一种主要降解物——脑啡肽酶会随着年龄而自然减少,这可能是老年人更容易罹患阿尔茨海默氏症的原因。增加NEP的生成量有可能成为一种有力的治疗方法,而且在小鼠中的研究说明它具有应用潜力。但是,没有研究真正调查过过表达NEP(毕竟在天然状态下可能有某些原因使它减少)是否有毒害作用。
本研究的研究团队由Koichi Iijima和Kanae Iijima-Ando领导,他们利用转基因果蝇表达NEP和/或β-淀粉样蛋白质。从好的方面来看,在果蝇中表达NEP能像预期结果一样减少斑块的沉积和神经元损伤;从另一方面讲,NEP也降低了另一种重要的神经蛋白质——CREB的活性,而且使果蝇的平均寿命(正常果蝇大约可存活60天)缩短了10天左右(NEP-果蝇要比只表达淀粉样蛋白质的果蝇存活时间长)。
此项研究指出,在考虑阿尔茨海默氏症的治疗方法时必须小心谨慎,治疗阿尔茨海默氏症或其他衰老相关疾病时搞清正常衰老的机制非常重要。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
Journal of Biological Chemistry,doi:10.1074/jbc.M710509200,Kanae Iijima-Ando,Koichi Iijima
Overexpression of neprilysin reduces Alzheimer's amyloid-
42 (A
42)-induced neuron loss and intraneuronal A
42 deposits, but causes a reduction in CREB-mediated transcription, age-dependent axon pathology and premature death in Drosophila
Farber Institute for Neurosciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
Corresponding Author: kanae.iijima-ando@jefferson.edu
The amyloid-
42 (A
42) peptide has been suggested to play a causative role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Neprilysin (NEP) is one of the rate-limiting A
-degrading enzymes whose genetic deficiencies promote increased A
levels in the brain. Enhancement of NEP activity ameliorates extracellular amyloid pathology, synaptic dysfunction, and memory defects in mouse models of A
amyloidosis, suggesting that NEP is an attractive therapeutic target for AD. In addition to accumulation in the extracellular space, intraneuronal A
42 may contribute to AD pathogenesis. However, the effects of neuronal NEP expression on intraneuronal Aß
42 accumulation and neurodegeneration in the brain remain elusive. In addition, sustained NEP activation in neurons may be detrimental because NEP can degrade many physiological peptides, but the consequences of chronic NEP expression in the brain are not fully understood. Using transgenic Drosophila expressing human NEP and A
42, we demonstrated that NEP efficiently degraded A
42
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