Hum. Reprod. ：基因检测可提高试管婴儿受孕率
生物谷报道：近日，澳大利亚和希腊两国科学家发现了可以影响试管婴儿健康的基因。该基因可决定何种试管胚胎适合移植到人体子宫中并孕育出健康婴儿。
以往人们为了增加试管婴儿怀孕几率，夫妻往往选择不止一个胚胎置入子宫。但这会导致多重受孕，这对母亲和胎儿都不利。 这个基因的发现则可避免这种事情再次发生。研究人员称目前通常是基于外形、规则度来选择胚胎。然而预测率提升仅仅20%，就能使人们选择单个胚胎移植而无需担心不能受孕。科学家在受精五天后的胚胎中拿出8-20个细胞作为“DNA指纹”。这些细胞取自希腊的48名接受试管受精治疗的妇女。结果在这48名妇女中，有25人怀孕，生下了37个婴儿。 随后，科学家用这些婴儿的DNA与“DNA指纹”配对，发现这些婴儿的基因中包含很多与此相关的细胞黏附、细胞交流、细胞新陈代谢过程以及对刺激物的反应。（生物谷www.bioon.com）
生物谷推荐原始出处：
Human Reproduction 2008 23: 1138-1144; doi:10.1093/humrep/den085
Gene expression profiling of human oocytes following in vivo or in vitro maturation
1 Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories, Monash University, Level 3, STRIP Building 75 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia 2 Monash IVF, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia 3 SISMER, Reproductive Medicine Unit, Bologna 40138, Italy 4 Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
5 Correspondence address. Tel: +61 3 9905 0779; Fax: +61 3 9905 0680; E-mail: gayle.jones@med.monash.edu.au
BACKGROUND: Immature human oocytes matured in vitro, particularly those from gonadotrophin stimulated ovaries, are developmentally incompetent when compared with oocytes matured in vivo. This developmental incompetence has been explained as poor oocyte cytoplasmic maturation without any determination of the likely molecular basis of this observation.
METHODS: Replicate whole human genome arrays were generated for immature and mature oocytes (matured in vivo and in vitro, prior to exposure to sperm) recovered from women undertaking gonadotrophin treatment for assisted reproduction.
RESULTS: More than 2000 genes were identified as expressed at more than 2-fold higher levels in oocytes matured in vitro than those matured in vivo (P < 0.05, range 4.98 x 10–2 –2.22 x 10–4) and 162 of these are expressed at 10-fold or greater levels (P < 0.05, range 4.98 x 10–2–1.38 x 10–3). Many of these genes are involved in transcription, the cell cycle and its regulation, transport and cellular protein metabolism.
CONCLUSIONS: Global gene expression profiling using microarrays and bioinformatics analysis has provided a molecular basis for differences in the developmental competence of oocytes matured in vitro compared with in vivo. The over-abundance of transcripts identified in immature germinal vesicle stage oocytes recovered from gonadotrophin stimulated cycles and matured in vitro is probably due to dysregulation in either gene transcription or post-transcriptional modification of genes. Either mechanism would result in an incorrect temporal utilization of genes which may culminate in developmental incompetence of any embryos derived from these oocytes.
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