2008-4-29 13:43:04

看电视太久和锻炼不足导致儿童肥胖

儿童肥胖引起了越来越多儿科专家和儿童看护机构的关注。为了减少儿童肥胖发生，美国儿科学会（American Academy of Pediatrics ，AAP）制订了关于儿童屏幕前停留时间与体育活动的指导意见。屏幕前停留时间包括看电视和玩视频游戏的时间。该指导意见建议：1）男孩应每天行走至少11000步；2）女孩应每天行走至少13000步; 3）儿童每天的屏幕前停留时间应限制在两小时以内。爱思唯尔期刊《儿科学杂志》（The Journal of Pediatrics）的一篇最新研究文章对美国儿科学会的指导意见进行了评估，综合分析了屏幕前停留时间和体育活动对儿童肥胖发生风险的影响。

文章作者Kelly Laurson和同事来自于爱荷华州立大学和美国国家媒体与家庭学会(National Institute on Media and the Family)。他们对709名7到12岁的儿童进行了跟踪调查，通过让他们戴上计步器来记录每天的步行量，并调查了他们每天看电视和玩视频游戏的时间。研究人员测量每名儿童的身高和体重，并计算得到体重指数（body mass index）。该指数是判定是否体重超标的重要指标。

调查数据显示，约有20%的受调查儿童体重过重，不到一半的受调查儿童遵循了指导意见中关于屏幕前停留时间与体育活动的建议。Laurson指出：“如果儿童每天达不到指导意见中建议的运动量，或屏幕前停留时间超过每天2小时，他们发生肥胖的几率将是那些遵守指导意见孩子的3至4倍。”他同时指出，部分受调查儿童能够做到两条指导意见中的一条，但很少有儿童能两条指导意见都做到。儿童看护机构可以通过鼓励儿童体育运动和限制他们看电视等手段，降低儿童肥胖发生的风险。（科学网荔涛/编译）

生物谷推荐原始出处：

（The Journal of Pediatrics），DOI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.02.042，Kelly R. Laurson, David A. Walsh

Combined Influence of Physical Activity and Screen Time Recommendations on Childhood Overweight

Kelly R. Laurson MS^,^,, Joey C. Eisenmann PhD, Gregory J. Welk PhD, Eric E. Wickel PhD, Douglas A. Gentile PhD^†^,^‡ and David A. Walsh PhD^‡

^†Department of Psychology (D.G.), Iowa State University, Ames, IA

^‡National Institute on Media and the Family, Minneapolis, MN (D.G., D.W.)

Department of Health and Human Performance (K.L., J.E., G.W., E.W.), Iowa State University, Ames, IA

Objectives

To examine the combined influence of physical activity and screen time (television and video games) on the odds of being overweight and to evaluate the utility of current public policy recommendations.

Study design

Physical activity was assessed by a pedometer and screen time was assessed by survey in a sample of 709 children age 7 to 12 years. The percentage of subjects meeting current physical activity and screen time recommendations was calculated. Cross-tabulated physical activity–screen time groups were formed depending on whether or not the children were meeting current recommendations. Logistic regression was used to examine the influence of physical activity and screen time on the odds of being overweight.

Results

Children meeting physical activity and screen time recommendations were the least likely to be overweight. Approximately 10% of the boys and 20% of the girls meeting both recommendations were overweight, compared with 35% to 40% of those who did not meet either recommendation. Screen time and physical activity appeared to be equivalent risk factors for boys, even though physical activity in girls was more strongly associated with body mass index.

Conclusions

Children not meeting the physical activity or screen time recommendations were 3 to 4 times more likely to be overweight than those complying with both recommendations.