Nature Biotechnology：成功治愈老鼠肝硬化
日本研究人员在新一期《自然—生物技术》（Nature Biotechnology）杂志网络版上撰文说，他们成功治疗了实验鼠的肝硬化。研究人员计划今后和企业合作进行临床研究，希望5年内将这一成果投入应用。
由札幌医科大学教授新津洋司郎领导的研究小组发现，有一种细胞可以产生导致肝脏变硬的胶原蛋白。他们将可以破坏这种细胞的物质和维生素A等通过某种手段组合，再将其通过静脉注射到人为导致肝硬化的实验鼠体内，最终治愈了实验鼠的肝硬化。
肝硬化的具体症状是肝脏受损，肝细胞坏死，纤维组织增生，肝脏正常结构紊乱，质地变硬。肝硬化和肝癌关系紧密。据统计，日本每年有超过4万人死于由肝硬化引起的肝癌。（来源：新华网）
生物谷推荐原始出处：
（Nature Biotechnology），doi:10.1038/nbt1396，Yasushi Sato，Yoshiro Niitsu
Resolution of liver cirrhosis using vitamin A–coupled liposomes to deliver siRNA against a collagen-specific chaperone
Yasushi Sato1,2, Kazuyuki Murase1,2, Junji Kato1,2, Masayoshi Kobune1, Tsutomu Sato1, Yutaka Kawano1, Rishu Takimoto1, Kouichi Takada1, Koji Miyanishi1, Takuya Matsunaga1, Tetsuji Takayama1 & Yoshiro Niitsu1
AbstractThere are currently no approved antifibrotic therapies for liver cirrhosis. We used vitamin A–coupled liposomes to deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) against gp46, the rat homolog of human heat shock protein 47, to hepatic stellate cells. Our approach exploits the key roles of these cells in both fibrogenesis as well as uptake and storage of vitamin A. Five treatments with the siRNA-bearing vitamin A–coupled liposomes almost completely resolved liver fibrosis and prolonged survival in rats with otherwise lethal dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver cirrhosis in a dose- and duration-dependent manner. Rescue was not related to off-target effects or associated with recruitment of innate immunity. Receptor-specific siRNA delivery was similarly effective in suppressing collagen secretion and treating fibrosis induced by CCl4 or bile duct ligation. The efficacy of the approach using both acute and chronic models of liver fibrosis suggests its therapeutic potential for reversing human liver cirrhosis.
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