2008-3-18 11:35:37

开启“心灵之声”的人工电子耳植入术

2008年3月的爱思唯尔期刊《耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科》（Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery）刊登了德国科学家的一项最新研究，研究表明患者在实施人工电子耳植入术后，除了他们的听力和语音识别能力提高之外，其生活质量也有很大的提高。

通常，外界的声音先经由外耳道传入，振动耳膜，再振动中耳里的三个听小骨而传入内耳，内耳的听觉细胞将此机械能转变为电能，此电流再经由听觉神经传入大脑，我们就能感觉到外界的声音。当听力损失达到一定的地步时，即使借由助听器的放大效果，病人仍然无法听到足够的外界声音，这时候实施人工电子耳植入术就可以将外界的声音转为电流，直接刺激听觉神经或听觉神经细胞，使得病人可感受到外界的声音。

研究人员对56名接受过人工电子耳植入术的患者术后的生活质量做了调查，研究采用了Nijmegen问卷调查的方式，让患者对术后的语音识别、交流、以及自尊和社会交往等方面进行自我评价。同时还对他们进行了36条简明健康问卷(SF36)调查。调查结果显示，患者除了在听力方面有了显著提高外，其生活质量也有了很大的提高，问卷显示患者认为术后在心理还有社交等方面都有了显著的改善。

调查结果表明，实施有效地人工电子耳植入术不仅可以将有听力障碍的患者带回“有声世界”，还开启了他们的“心灵之声”，在提高其听力的同时，也提高了他们的生活质量。(科学网于乃森/编译)

生物谷推荐原始出处：

（Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery），doi:10.1016/j.otohns.2007.10.019，Anke Hirschfelder, Heidi Olze

The impact of cochlear implantation on quality of life: The role of audiologic performance and variables

Anke Hirschfelder MD^a, Stefan Gräbel^a and Heidi Olze MD ^,^a^,
^aDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
Received 31 July 2007; revised 15 October 2007; accepted 23 October 2007. Available online 27 February 2008.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of cochlear implantation (CI) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), to correlate the results with audiologic performance, and to analyze the influence of variables that possibly affect the CI outcome.

Study Design

A retrospective study.

Subjects and Methods

Fifty-six adult CI users were evaluated by two HRQOL-questionnaires (the Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire [NCIQ] and the Medical Outcome Study Short-Form 36 [SF-36]) and speech-perception tests (Freiburger monosyllable and Hochmair, Schulz, Moser (HSM) sentence test).

Results

The NCIQ showed significant improvements in the total score and in all subdomains after CI. The NCIQ total score and the advanced sound-perception and speech-production score correlated significantly with speech test results. Significant inverse relationships were noted between speech test results and duration of deafness. Significant associations were found between time since CI, NCIQ total score, and speech test results.

Conclusion

The NCIQ was able to detect significant effects of CI on HRQOL and correlated with audiologic measures, supporting its use as a measurement tool in CI.