2008-1-17 15:47:45

A new species and two new records of Ulocladium from China

Notes: This new fungus resembles U. botrytis Preuss in conidium morphology, but it differs in having conidia with smooth walls which are slightly verruculose when young. U. botrytis conidium walls are distinctly coarse or verrucose, rarely smooth. Furthermore, the new taxon always has broader conidia, while conidia of the latter are relatively slimmer (L/W=1-2.3, av. 1.5).

Ulocladium alternariae (Cooke) E. G. Simmons, Mycologia 59 (1): 82, 1967.

≡ Sporidesmium alternariae Cooke, Handb. Br. Fungi: 483, 1871.

≡ Stemphylium alternariae (Cooke) Sacc., Syll. Fung. 4: 523, 1886.

Colonies effuse, powdery, brown, dark brown to nearly black. Mycelium composed of light brown to brown, septate, branched, smooth, 1-2.5µm wide hyphae. Conidiophores erect or ascending, simple or sparsely branched, always contorted due to successive apical geniculate production of conidiogenous cells, pale to golden brown, smooth, with 1-5 perforate geniculations. Conidia acrogenous or acropleurogenous, solitary, obovoid to broadly obovoid, golden-brown or brown, smooth or slightly verruculose, with 1-5 transverse septa, 1-3 longitudinal or oblique septa, conical at the base or sometimes tapering to a minute apiculus, apex rounded, pseudorostra very rarely produced, 18-36 × 11-22µm, av. 26.3 × 14.4µm, L/W=1.3-2.1, av. 1.7.

Habitat: Isolated from soil, Yantai, Shandong Province, 28 July 2003, HSAUP₀₃1671.

Notes: Conidial shape and size range of this collection are similar to those of U. alternariae (Cooke) E.G. Simmons (1967), but the conidia lack pseudorostra and they are not evidently catenate. Therefore, the collection is only tentatively placed in this species. More collections are needed for further study.

This species has been isolated from the wall paper in England (Ellis 1976) and soil near the Dead Sea (Guiraud et al. 1995). This is the first report from China.

Ulocladium consortiale (Thüm.) E.G. Simmons, Mycologia 59 (1): 84, 1967.

≡ Macrosporium consortiale Thüm., Herb. Mycol. Oeconom. No. 45. 1876.

≡Stemphylium consortiale (Thüm.) Groves & Skolko, Can. J. Res. C. 22: 196, 1944.

≡Alternaria consortiale (Thüm.) Groves & S. Hughes, Can. J. Bot. 31: 636, 1953.

≡Pseudostemphylium consortiale (Thüm.) C. V. Subramanian, Current Sci. 30: 423, 1961.

Fig. 3 Conidiophores and conidia of Ulocladium consortiale (Thüm.) E. G. Simmons (ex HSAUP₀₃1668).

Colonies effuse, powdery, grayish-brown to nearly black, brown in reverse. Hyphae pale brown or subhyaline, smooth or indistinctly verrucose, branched, septate, 1-2µm wide. Conidiophores erect or ascending, simple or branched, sometimes contorted due to production of conidiogenous cells, pale brown, smooth, with about 1-6 perforate geniculations, 16.5-70 × 2.5-4µm. Conidia acrogenous or acropleurogenous, obovoid to elongate-ellipsoidal, pale golden-brown to golden-brown, smooth or slightly verruculose, rarely with inconspicuous pustules, with 1-5 transverse septa, 1-4 longitudinal or oblique septa, apex rounded, base rounded, conical or obtuse, sometimes tapering to a minute apiculus; solitary or occasionally in short chains by production of pseudorostra, 14-31(-40) × 9-15.5µm, av. 26 × 13.5µm, L/W=1.3-2.4(-2.8), av. 2.

Habitat: Isolated from soil, Yantai, Shandong Province, 28 July 2003, HSAUP₀₃1668; Taian (soil of vegetable field), Shandong Province, 15 May 2002, HSAUP₀₃1669.

Notes: This species is close to U. septosporum（Pruess）E.G. Simmons in conidium morphology, but the latter always has golden brown- to dark brown-coloured conidia which are slightly coarse or verruculose. Moreover, conidia of U. septosporum have more (3-7) transverse septa than those of this species. The population of this species is widely distributed in temperate, subtropical and tropical zones on plants, seeds (Ellis 1976) and in the soil (Domsch et al. 1980).

This is the first report from China.

[REFERENCES ]

Domsch KH, Gams W, Anderson TH, 1980. Compendium of soil fungi. London & New York. 1-893

Ellis MB, 1976. More Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. CMI, Kew. Surrey, England. 1-507

Guiraud P, Steiman R, Seigle-Murandi F, Sage L, 1995. Mycoflora of soil around the Dead Sea II-Deuteromycetes (except Aspergillus and Penicillium). Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 18: 318-322

Simmons EG, 1967. Typification of Alternaria, Stemphylium and Ulocladium. Mycologia, 59: 67-92

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